That figure is expected to rise to 6.2 million (1.7 percent) in 2030, predicted the Pew Research . It is the most populous country in Europe, and the ninth-most populous country in the world, with a population density of 8.5 inhabitants per square kilometre (22 per square mile). Last modified on Mon 26 Oct 2020 00.37 EDT. 113131. In: P. Uhlenberg (Editor), International Handbook of the Demography of Aging, New York: Springer-Verlag, 2009, pp. [64], In 1991, Chechnya declared independence as the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria. [106] An additional two or three years of schooling are required for the secondary-level certificate, and some seven-eighths of Russians continue their education past this level. Muslim population growth dropped by 4.7 percentage points from 29.3% to 24.6%, while the Christian, Sikh, Buddhist and Jain population groups saw even larger declines. Hence in communal riots the police, which is 98% . There are more than two billion Muslims worldwide, making Islam the second-largest religion in the world, exceeded only by Christianity. [56] Russia has one of the world's most female-biased sex ratios, with 0.859 males to every female,[12] due to its high male mortality rate. Questions or comments, e-mail ajhays98@yahoo.com, Minorities - Muslims, Jews and Old Believers. In 1900 the Muslim population was 200 million, today they're about 2 billion, so in over a century they increased their population tenfold. One migrant from the south told Newsweek, "When the police see our dark skin, they stop us and fine us for not having a residence permit. Between 1993 and 2008, Russia 's population saw a considerable decline in its population from 148.37 million to 143.25. ; Russia population is equivalent to 1.87% of the total world population. In a recent interview, Gaynetdin has told Anadolu. I dont consider them human. More than 3 million Tajik citizens were officially registered in Russia in 2021. . The Cossack Ural, Terek, Astrakhan, and Don Cossack hosts had Kalmyks in their ranks. BY FOYASAL KHAN JAN 06, 2023 - DAILY SABAH This illustration shows the main events, especially in politics, sports and climate change, in the Muslim [14] The first people to become Muslims within current Russian territory, the Dagestani people (region of Derbent), converted after the Arab conquest of the region in the 8th century. [30] Cossacks in Siberia included Tatar Muslims like in Bashkiria. Chechens are arguably the most hated people in Russia. E.Andreev, L.Darski, T. Kharkova "Histoire dmographique de la Russie. Yekaterinburg, the fourth-largest city in the country. [78][79] This problem is evident even within Tatarstan itself, where Tatars constitute a majority. In fertility rates, 2.1 and above is a stable population and has been marked blue, 2 and below leads to an aging population and the result is that the population decreases. Communist rule oppressed and suppressed Islam, like other religions in the Soviet Union.[when?] If the trend continues, the Muslim population could outnumber ethnic Russians within 30 years. [49], Russia has encouraged or even forced people in occupied or annexed regions to become Russian citizens, a procedure known as passportization. Comparisons of blood-based biomarkers with Norway implicate non-ischaemic cardiac damage", "Russia's alcohol policy: a continuing success story", "Time trends in smoking in Russia in the light of recent tobacco control measures: synthesis of evidence from multiple sources", "Suicide mortality rate (per 100,000 population) Russian Federation", "Preventing suicide: Russian Federation adapts WHO self-harm monitoring tool", "Russia's population undergoes largest ever peacetime decline", International Journal of Political Economy, "Russia's Jews fear resurgent anti-Semitism amid Ukraine war", "Russia and Ukraine Fight, But Their People Seek Reconciliation", "Background Briefing: Why is Russia's North Caucasus region unstable? An interim Russian-controlled administration was imposed in Chechnya in 2000, headed by the ex-Mufti and, therefore, religious leader of Sufism, Akhmad Kadyrov. [5], Recognized under the law and by Russian political leaders as one of Russia's traditional religions, Islam is a part of Russian historical heritage, and is subsidized by the Russian government. *. [42] A nachalnik was present in every one of the 11 cantons of the Bashkir host which was created by Russia after the Pugachev Rebellion. Celebrations were muted for a second year in a row due to the Covid-19 pandemic. What is it like to be a Muslim in Russia? The total Land Area of Russia is 16,377,742 sq. [108], Russia has compulsory education for a duration of 11 years, exclusively for children aged 7 to 1718. In accordance with Title 17 U.S.C. They incite the crowd. Despite this concession, extremists such as Shamil Basayev and the Saudi-born Islamist Ibn Al-Khattab continued to undermine the Maskhadov government. Gaynetdin has told Anadolu news agency that t. Sheikh Gaynetdin said most Muslims in the country live in the Moscow region and other major metropolitan areas such as St Petersburg and Yekaterinburg. [18], Demographic statistics according to the latest Rosstat vital statistics[19] and the World Population Review in 2019. In Muslim areas the slogan was; "There is no God, and Lenin is his prophet. Thus, combatting Islamophobia is sacrosanct. The new amendments also ban giving away Russian territory, a possible reference to Crimea. Approximately 87-95% of them are Sunni and roughly 3% are Shia and roughly 7% are non-denominational Muslims. [46] They were given a choice as to where to be resettled: in the Ottoman Empire, in Persia, or Russia far from their old lands. Anti-Muslim feelings were stoked by the war in Chechnya and terrorist attacks by Chechen fighters in the 1990s and early 2000s. New laws are in place that require worker migrants to be fluent in Russian, know Russian history and laws. - . [51], Russia, by constitution, guarantees free, universal health care for all Russian citizens, through a compulsory state health insurance program. to your sister when you were really talking about praying." In fact, many researchers project that Muslims will outnumber Christians by the year 2050. The Russian Muslim Spiritual Administration's advisory council pointed to absolutely different worldviews, cultures and education.. In the earyly 2000s, Russian newspaper ran pictures of local Muslim leaders next to pictures of Osama bin Laden. There are also an additional 3 million to 4 million migrants from former Soviet states. Russia is a secular state by constitution, and its largest religion is Christianity. The Muslim population still grows at a faster rate than the Hindu population, but the gap between the two growth rates is narrowing fast. [101] Buddhists are home to a sizeable population in three Siberian republics: Buryatia, Tuva, Zabaykalsky Krai, and in Kalmykia; the only region in Europe where Buddhism is the most practised religion. Most Shias live in Derbent, southern Dagestan. According to a comprehensive survey conducted in 2012, Muslims were 6.5% of Russia's population. Low-Growth Muslim population countries will never count more than 10 per cent of Muslim population in the next 200 years. In 2017, a survey made by the Pew Research Center showed that 73% of Russians declared themselves as Christiansout of which 71% were Orthodox, 1% were Catholic, and 2% were Other Christians, while 15% were unaffiliated, 10% were Muslims, and 1% followed other religions. Afterward, the Ottoman Empire offered to harbor the Circassians who did not wish to accept the rule of a Christian monarch, and many emigrated to Anatolia (the heart of the Ottoman Empire) and ended up in modern Turkey, Syria, Jordan, Palestine, Iraq, and Kosovo. Germany and the United Kingdom also have large muslim populations with 4.95 million and 4.13. The Russian army rounded up people, driving Muslims from their villages to ports on the Black Sea, where they awaited ships provided by the neighboring Ottoman Empire. [35] Arrows, bows, and melee combat weapons were wielded by the Muslim Bashkirs. Germans, Poles, and Lithuanians were allowed to be sold to Crimean Tatars in Moscow. Ravil Gainutdin, the chairman of the Council of Muftis, a religious group representing Russias Muslim community. The former is based on Bashkortostan and is led by Talgat Tadzhuiddon, who was a member of the Soviet religious bureaucracy. The Rosstat statistics agency said Russia's population increased 1.4 . 14. In 2021, while economies were on the road to recovery, the ongoing war between Ukraine and Russia, which began in the first quarter of 2022, put the world economy in jeopardy once again. Salman Sadaev, who headed the Chechen People's Diaspora Foundation, told the Russian newspaper Kommersant in 2012 that there were perhaps 3,000-5,000 Chechens total in all of Ukraine. [87] The constitution allows the country's individual republics the right to establish their own state languages in addition to Russian, as well as guarantee its citizens the right to preserve their native language and to create conditions for its study and development. In the 2021 census, there were 3.9 million Muslims (6.5%): an increase of 44% in just ten years. Under the tsars, the Muslim clergy was brought within Russian bureaucratic structure and given salaries. Sudan (39,585,777) Even though the nations on the list above have the most Muslims, several smaller countries have a greater concentration of Muslims than the larger ones. Moscow has the largest Muslim community in Europe. The Russian Criminal Code's article 'on the incitement of hatred or attacks on the dignity of a person, based on race, nationality, language or faith' can result in punishment in the form of . Federal regions also have their own departments of health that oversee local administration. In 2006, countries with a Muslim majority had an average population growth rate of 1.8% per year (when weighted by percentage Muslim and population size). On Hitler's birthday (April 21), 2001, 300 young hoodlums ransacked stalls at a Moscow market, belonging mostly to people from Caucasus region and Central Asia, killing three peoplea Tajik, Azerbaijani and an Indian. The current population of the Russian Federation is 146,093,083 as of Tuesday, January 17, 2023, based on Worldometer elaboration of the latest United Nations data. Money from the Middle East, particularly Saudi Arabia, has financed the building of mosques and helped Russian Muslims to become better organized. [57][58][59][60], Islam has been expanding under Putin's rule. Approximately 5.72 million Muslims were estimated to live in France, the most of any country listed. Through the . The Tatars had tried to rally Muslim groups in the Soviet Union against Moscow with little success. [106] Its pre-school education system is highly developed and optional,[109] some four-fifths of children aged 3 to 6 attend day nurseries or kindergartens. "This is not true of Muslim-majority countries . 21 May] 1864. Following the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, more than 300,000 Russian citizens and residents are estimated to have left Russia by mid-March 2022, at least 500,000 by the end of August 2022, and an additional 400,000 by early October,[citation needed] as political refugees, economic migrants, and conscientious objectors,[44][45][46][47][48] making a total of approximately 900,000. In Russia, there are three federal centres and we believe that this is the best option for the management of Muslim religious affairs in Russia, the mufti said. Immigrants and migrant workers from Central Asia, which experts estimate at six to seven million, are mostly Muslim. XX .). [4] This compares with a world population growth rate of 1.12% per year [5], and according to the World Christian Encyclopaedia, between 1990 and 2000, Islam received around 865,558 converts . Again, no scope for anti-minority or majority. [62], According to The Washington Post, "Russian Muslims are split regarding the [Russian] intervention in Syria, but more are pro- than anti-war. [85][86] According to the Russian Census of 2002, 142.6million across the country spoke Russian, 5.3million spoke Tatar, and 1.8million spoke Ukrainian. 56,960 (mid-year 2021); note - Russia's stateless population consists of Roma, Meskhetian Turks, and ex-Soviet citizens from the former republics; between 2003 and 2010 more than 600,000 stateless people were naturalized; most Meskhetian Turks, followers of Islam with origins in Georgia, . Frank, Allen J. Muslim Religious Institutions in Imperial Russia: The Islamic World of Novouzensk District and the Kazakh Inner Horde, 17801910. Within each district, each block or panchayat or whatever is the lowest administrative unit gets it in proportion to their population. added that spirituality was still the need of the population in light of the increasing cost of living and the Ukraine-Russia conflict. "When I was a kid, everything about religion was kept quiet" one Dagestan resident told the Los Angeles Times, "You'd say things like, 'have you washed yet today?' They are blamed by nationalist groups for taking jobs away from ethnic Russians, dominating markets, harassing women and not paying taxes. They came to a city that is currently known as Derbent, it is in Southern Dagestan. A leader of a nationalist group told the Washington Post, They dont wash themselves, they dont clean up, they sleep 10 to 15 in a small room. Its Muslim population is expected to rise from 16.4 million in 2010 to 18.6 million in 2030. [100], Islam is the second-largest religion in Russia, and it is the traditional religion amongst most peoples of the North Caucasus, and amongst some Turkic peoples scattered along the Volga-Ural region. Regarded as criminals and often referred to as "blacks" or chernozhopy (black asses), they include people from Dagestan, Chechnya, Ingushetia, Azerbaijan, Armenia and other regions in the Caucasus Mountains. In total, Muslims will make up about 26 percent of the world's population, an increase of about 3 percent from today's level. According to a US State Department release and Pew research group, the population of Tajikistan is 98% Muslim. [72] In a few areas, notably Dagestan and Chechnya, there is a tradition of Sunni Sufism, which is represented by Naqshbandi and Shadhili schools, whose spiritual master Said Afandi al-Chirkawi received hundreds of visitors daily. [47] . . . [82] Russian is the second-most used language on the Internet after English,[83] and is one of two official languages aboard the International Space Station,[84] as well as one of the six official languages of the United Nations. Official recognition: He also noted that Islam was declared as the state religion in one of the states located in the territory of present-day Russia in the Volga Bulgaria, in 922, which was 66 years earlier than the acceptance of Orthodox Christianity as the state religion of Kievan Rus. [20][21] However, Russian policy shifted toward weakening Islam by introducing pre-Islamic elements of collective consciousness. According to a 2020 estimate by Pew research center, Muslims represent 34.1% of the total population. [84] The city's economy "could not manage without them," he said. In his 1985 analysis Mystics and Commissars, S. Enders Wimbush wrote: Members of Sufi brotherhoods were hunted as criminalsThey were accused of immutable hostility towards the Soviet regime or economic sabotage, banditsim, terrorism, and armed rebellion.. [29] Muslim Cossacks in Siberia requested an Imam. [61] Tatar Muslims are engaging in a revival under Putin. This page was last edited on 16 January 2023, at 23:47. There are currently 4 mosques in Moscow,[85] and 8,000 in the whole of Russia. [9] It is the most populous country in Europe, and the ninth-most populous country in the world, with a population density of 8.5 inhabitants per square kilometre (22 per square mile). ", "Total Fertility Rate around the world over the last centuries", ". . . On the same day an 18-year-old Chechen was stabbed to death by skinheads outside the Kremlin. [106] Regional authorities regulate education within their jurisdictions within the prevailing framework of federal laws. [16] There are over 193 ethnic groups nationwide. [Source: Library of Congress, July 1996 *], There is much evidence of official conciliation toward Islam in Russia in the 1990s. Johnny B says Nov 6, 2021 at 11:13 am "Blacklock's Reporter says the Muslim population as a portion of the entire country has more than tripled since 1996 but remains outnumbered 9 to 1 by Catholics." Sources: Our World In Data and Gapminder Foundation.[22]. Most of them work in the construction, cleaning and in the household industries. By the mid-1990s, the putative Islamic threat was a standard justification for radical nationalist insistence that Russia regain control of its "near abroad". "In Israel, the Christian number is stable because there is freedom of religion," Pastor Petra Heldt, a leading Christian scholar who has lived in Israel 40 years, told Fox News Digital. However, the Chechen government's grip on Chechnya was weak, especially outside the ruined capital Grozny. He also informed the students about the events that took place in the regions on the occasion of the 1100th anniversary of the adoption of Islam by the Volga Bulgaria. In 2006, in a bid to compensate for the country's demographic decline, the Russian government started simplifying immigration laws and launched a state program "for providing assistance to voluntary immigration of ethnic Russians from former Soviet republics". The explicit Russian goal involved expelling the groups in question from their lands. Muslims accused of having Wahabbi sympathies have had he mosques raided and religious material, including Korans, confiscated. The growth rate for the Muslim population in Russia is projected to be 0.6% annually over the next two decades. The trend of Russification has continued at different paces in the rest of Tsarist and Soviet periods, so that[citation needed] as of 2014[update] more Tatars lived outside the Republic of Tatarstan than inside it. Russian Orthodox 15-20%, Muslim 10-15%, . 35. Gavrilova, N.S., Gavrilov, L.A., Semyonova, V.G., Evdokushkina, G.N., Ivanova, A.E. Composition: The majority of Russian Muslims are Sunnis of Hanafi school of thought but there are also some Sunnis of Shafii school and Shia, Gaynetdin said. [82] The city has permitted the existence of four mosques. [57] In 2019, the overall life expectancy in Russia at birth was 73.2 years (68.2 years for males and 78.0 years for females),[58] and it had a very low infant mortality rate (5 per 1,000 live births). [32][33] They were judged suitable for inundating opponents but not intense fighting. There are believed to be around 20 million Muslims in Russia. Russian Army forces were commanded into Grozny in 1994, but, after two years of intense fighting, the Russian troops eventually withdrew from Chechnya under the Khasavyurt Accord. Animosity towards them has been extrapolated to other peoples of the Caucasus, even Christians, who are also reviled. Many other Caucasian Muslims ended up in neighboring Iran - sizeable numbers of Shia Lezgins, Azerbaijanis, Muslim Georgians, Kabardins, and Laks. I look around and if I dont see any obstacles, Ill go beat up this guy and maybe even kill him and Ill have as much joy as if I bought a car.. Moscow has the largest Muslim population in Europe, with estimates suggesting . In the Soviet-era, one Tatar told National Geographic, "I only heard the Koran read at funerals. As average population is an estimate of the population in the middle of the year and not end of the year, crude migration is thus an extrapolation. Since 1992 he has headed the central or combined Muslim Spiritual Directorate of all of Russia. Patterns of violent crime in Russia. A large proportion of them died in transit from disease. [77], For centuries, the Tatars constituted the only Muslim ethnic group in European Russia, with Tatar language being the only language used in their mosques, a situation which saw rapid change over the course of the 20th century as a large number of Caucasian and Central Asian Muslims migrated to central Russian cities and began attending Tatar-speaking mosques, generating pressure on the imams of such mosques to begin using Russian. Demographers estimate Russia's Islamic community may account for a majority of the nation's population by mid-century. Russian Shias are mainly Azeris and Tajiks from Pamir and they are small in number. According to Mufti Ravil Gaynutdin, chairman of the Religious Board of Muslims of the Russian Federation, there were 25 million Muslims in 2018, approximately 18 percent of the population. The number of Muslims allowed to make pilgrimages to Mecca increased sharply after the embargo of the Soviet era ended in 1991. In 1996 the Muslim population of Russia was estimated at 19 percent of all citizens professing belief in a religion. [37][38] Napoleon's forces faced off against Kalmyks on horseback. It is the most spoken native language in Europe, the most geographically widespread language of Eurasia, as well as the world's most widely spoken Slavic language. Since then, the population has increased again to 145.93 million; however, the population is expected to reach its peak at the end of 2020 and is projected to start declining again. ", All-Russia Population Census 2010 ( 2010), "Religious Belief and National Belonging in Central and Eastern Europe", "Orthodox Christianity in the 21st Century", "Arena: Atlas of Religions and Nationalities in Russia", "Literacy rate, adult total (% of people ages 15 and above) Russian Federation", "Government expenditure on education, total (% of GDP) Russian Federation", "Early childhood care and education in the Russian Federation", "RUSSIA: Central'nyj Federal'nyj Okrug Central Federal District", "A 3-Hour Commute: A Close Look At Moscow The Megapolis", "Moscow, a City Undergoing Transformation", "RUSSIA: Severo-Zapadnyj Federal'nyj Okrug: Northwestern Federal District", " ", Demographic situation in Russia in 19922010, Russia's Peacetime Demographic Crisis: Dimensions, Causes, Implications, The Regional Consequences of Russia's Demographic Crisis, Results of population policy and current demographic situation (2008), "Demographic situation in Russia and the role of mortality in reproduction of population", Choice between mass migration and birth rate increase as possible solutions of depopulation problem in Russia (in Russian), https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_Russia&oldid=1134089591, Articles with unsourced statements from March 2020, All articles with bare URLs for citations, Articles with bare URLs for citations from April 2022, Articles with spreadsheet file bare URLs for citations, Short description is different from Wikidata, All Wikipedia articles written in American English, Articles with failed verification from December 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2022, Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, 1.06 male(s)/female (male 11,980,138/female 11,344,818), 0.925 male(s)/female (male 48,166,470/female 52,088,967), 0.44 male(s)/female (male 5,783,983/female 13,105,896). Population of Russia in 2022 - 146 million or 14.6 Crores Russia has a population growth rate during 2020-2021 of 0.04 %. Muslim population grew by 4.4% while that of Hindus declined by 4.3%: Study Hindus increased from 304 million (30.4 crore) to 966 million (96.6 crore), Muslims grew from 35 million (3.5 crore). Also radical and extremist streams of Islam started taking root, initially in western (upland) Dagestan. This constitutes 'fair use' of any such copyrighted material as provided for in section 107 of the US Copyright Law. (XIX . Many of the indigenous Russian Muslims are Tatars and Bashkirs of the Volga region and Chechens and Ingush in the Caucasus. Speaking at a conference in Moscow, Sheikh Ravil Gainutdin said the number of Muslims in Russia has been growing with every passing day. According to US Department of State in 2017, Muslims in Russia numbered 14 million or roughly 10% of the total population. [70][71] Turkic peoples form a large minority, and are spread around pockets across the vast nation. ", "Traffic jams and desperation at the border as Russians flee Putin's 'partial mobilization', "Forced to fight your own people: How Russia is weaponizing passports", "Human Rights in the Occupied Territories of Georgia", "Russian rivieia: from Soviet sanatoriums to lush gardens, your walking guide to seaside Sochi", "Constraints on Universal Health Care in the Russian Federation", United Nations Research Institute for Social Development, "Healthcare in Russia: the Russian healthcare system explained", "Current health expenditure (% of GDP) Russian Federation", "Analysis of the Financing of Russian Health Care over the Past 100 Years", International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, "Life expectancy and Healthy life expectancy, data by country", "Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births) Russian Federation", "Why does Russia have such high cardiovascular mortality rates? 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